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-
- NOVELL TECHNICAL INFORMATION DOCUMENT
-
- TITLE: Partition Manipulation
- DOCUMENT ID: TID021559
- DOCUMENT REVISION: B
- DATE: 12JUL94
- ALERT STATUS: Yellow
- INFORMATION TYPE: Symptom Solution
- README FOR: NA
-
- NOVELL PRODUCT and VERSION:
- NetWare 4.01
-
- ABSTRACT:
-
- This document includes suggestion for NetWare Directory Services.
-
- -----------------------------------------------------------------------------
- DISCLAIMER
- THE ORIGIN OF THIS INFORMATION MAY BE INTERNAL OR EXTERNAL TO NOVELL. NOVELL
- MAKES EVERY EFFORT WITHIN ITS MEANS TO VERIFY THIS INFORMATION. HOWEVER, THE
- INFORMATION PROVIDED IN THIS DOCUMENT IS FOR YOUR INFORMATION ONLY. NOVELL
- MAKES NO EXPLICIT OR IMPLIED CLAIMS TO THE VALIDITY OF THIS INFORMATION.
- -----------------------------------------------------------------------------
-
- ISSUE
-
- Recommendations for Using This Information
-
- This is not an official letter from Novell. The following are simply pointers
- from working with users and nothing more. For this reason, you will not find
- these suggestions documented in manuals. The following hints are only for
- NetWare 4.01 running version 3.10 of Directory Services. The enhancements
- found in NetWare 4.02 will require less supervision by the network
- administrator. To receive 4.02, register 4.01 and you will receive a free
- upgrade. When you receive 4.02, read all update notes and README's.
-
- Some may feel that my suggestions create extra work that is not really
- necessary. The extra safety incurred by following my suggestions is worth the
- extra time taken. Also, partition and replica manipulation is not performed
- that often when compared to the rest of NetWare Directory Services (NDS)
- management. When it comes to manipulating replica rings or partitions over
- WANs, a little bit of planning goes a long ways.
-
-
- Upgrade your Directory Services
-
- All 4.01 file servers need to be upgraded to version 3.10 of Directory
- Services. As in the past versions of 4.01 Directory Services (DS), this
- upgrade is applied as a static patch to SERVER.EXE. The 3.10 version of DS is
- found in 401PT1.EXE on NetWire (NOVLIB 14). To apply the patch, follow the
- instructions given in UPD310.TXT. This version of DS has over 50 enhancements
- to version 296.
-
-
- Checking the Health of Your Replicas
-
- There are windows of time in a wide area network in which partition
- replication is not as robust as typical object manipulation and
- synchronization. In other words, while you would never bother to check the
- condition of your WAN when manipulating typical objects, you need to first
- check its condition before manipulating partitions. To verify that the
- replicas are communicating run DSTRACE on all the servers that have replicas
- of the partition that you are going to manipulate. To do so:
-
- 1. Type SET DSTRACE=ON at the console prompt of the file server.
-
- 2. Type SET DSTRACE=*H at the console prompt of the file server.
-
- 3. Use Alt Esc keys to toggle over to the Directory Services screen.
-
- 4. Look for the statement "All processed = YES" for the partition that you
- are checking.
-
- 5. If there are errors, resolve the errors before you perform any server,
- partition, or replica changes.
-
- 6. Perform the previous steps on every server that has a copy of the
- partition in question.
-
-
- Avoid Creating Partition or Copying Replicas Through Install
-
- First of all, a lot of the problems that get escalated could be totally
- prevented if we avoided creating partitions or copying replicas through
- install. For that reason, never create a new partition or copy a replica
- through install. This way if install is aborted or redone, there is no
- possibility of getting into a situation where NDS inconsistencies exist, or
- more frequently, locked out because the NDS is busy.
-
- If you want to install a new file server into a new partition, first create
- the partition within partition manager. Then when installing NDS onto your
- file server, insert it into the current partition. When install prompts you
- to copy a replica to this server, answer no. At this point, install is
- complete.
-
-
- Multiple Install Recommendations
-
- If for some reason you want to redo INSTALL over and over, use the following
- procedure:
-
-
- 1. De-install NDS from the server.
-
- 2. Through Partition Manager verify that the file server object has been
- deleted. If the server object was not removed, remove it.
-
- 3. Through NetAdmin verify that the volume objects have been deleted. If
- any of the volume objects are still present (possibly as unknown objects)
- remove the objects.
-
- 4. Down the server and bring it back up before installing again.
-
- Using this procedure, you will be able to reinstall as many times as you would
- like. There are two exceptions where you must create partitions with install
- are with the first server in a Tree or with a NetWare 3.x upgrade.
-
-
- Master Replicas of New Partitions
-
- If the end result that you want to accomplish is to have a master replica of
- this new partition placed on this new file server, do that through Partition
- Manager after install. Do not perform any replica operations to that
- partition until after you have verified through DSTRACE that all copies of
- that partition have been updated. To do that you type SET DSTRACE=ON at the
- console prompt. You then toggle over to the Directory Services screen and
- look for the message All processed = YES for the partition that you are
- working with. If you missed the synchronization process for you partition use
- the *h command as previously shown. If the screen information is scrolling
- too fast, type SET TTF=ON and SET DSTRACE=*R to create and reset the
- DSTRACE.DBG file in the system directory. When you set TTF to on the DS
- information shown on the screen is also piped to the DSTRACE.DBG file When
- you want to view the ASCII file, type SET TTF=OFF and use a text editor.
-
- If any of the file servers that has a copy of the partition on it shows
- errors, resolve those errors first before performing any other changes to that
- replica. Other changes include changing a partition to Master. Over busy
- WANs, please give it some time for the NDS to update and possibly resolve some
- errors.
-
-
- Multiple Installs on the Same Server
-
- A fair number of users that have been locked out of their NDS database because
- of doing multiple installs of the same server. When you want to de-install a
- server out of a tree, remove all copies of the replica from the server through
- partition manager instead of through install. After you have verified the
- replicas have been moved (through DSTRACE), go ahead and de-install the
- server in the same manner previously discussed.
-
-
- NON-Synched Trees
-
- Object modifications not synchronizing can be an indication that the servers
- are not successfully updating the NDS database. DSTRACE will alert you if you
- have a synchronization problem. Error conditions that come and go do not
- indicate a problem. A red flag should be raised when you see an error in
- DSTRACE that does not go away. You should also look for the phrase "All
- processed = YES" in DSTRACE.
-
-
- Dead Servers
-
- If a server is removed without doing a proper de-install (crashed and you do
- not want to bring it back), remove the server object using partition manager.
- Then go into NetAdmin and delete the volume objects that were contained on
- that server. After you have made these changes, DSTRACE should not show any
- more references of replicas attempting to synch with that server.
-
-
- Manipulating Replicas without Waiting for a DSTRACE Clean Up
-
- If you want the ability to manipulate replicas at a site without waiting for
- DSTRACE to clean up, have at least two servers per remote site that have
- replicas. This way, if NDS needs to be removed and reinstalled (hard disk
- crash, server crash, strange NDS corruption), you have the ability to
- immediately reinstall without first fixing DSTRACE errors. To do so, follow
- the steps that I already outlined and do not copy a replica over to the
- reinstalled server until DSTRACE is clean with all servers involved in the
- replica ring. This way a newly reinstalled server can immediately access the
- other servers partition until DSTRACE is cleaned up.
-
-
- Hints for Maintaining NDS
-
- Use caution when you rename your file server or changing the internal IPX
- number of a file server. Most people never have a problem renaming file
- servers; however, when a problem does arise, it can be difficult and time
- consuming to resolve. Life is easier if you just do not rename the file
- server. If you must rename you file server, the safest way to do so is to
- de-install your file server out of the tree and reinstall it using the methods
- previously listed. If restoring the trustee assignments from your backup is
- too painful you can rename the file server by changing the file server name in
- AUTOEXEC.NCF but you need to follow the following guidelines.
-
- 1. Verify that all the servers in the tree are running the 3.10 version of
- DS.
-
- 2. Make sure that the server that you are going to rename has a replica of
- the partition containing the server object.
-
- 3. Perform the rename during a quiet time on the network when there are not
- other partition/replica changes being synchronized. Performing the server
- rename during low traffic time is especially important in WAN environments.
-
- 4. Rename the file server (or change server internal IPX) in the
- AUTOEXEC.NCF file and reboot the file server.
-
- 5. Let the server sit for a while without any other changes in the partition
- or server IPX number.
-
- 6. After waiting for a period of time (the slower the WAN the longer the
- wait) verify that the limber code can execute successfully by issuing a
- couple of DSTRACE commands. First, SET DSTRACE=+LIMBER, then SET DSTRACE=*L.
- View the limber process in the DS screen. If the limber code can execute
- without any errors, the rename process is complete.
-
- Changing the context of a server constitutes a server rename because the
- context of the server is part of the name. This process is actually more work
- for the DS than a simpler server rename. When moving server context, make
- sure the you follow the steps listed above with the exception of step 4. Step
- 4 will be moving the server context either NetAdmin or NWAdmin.. It will be
- faster and safer if you first remove remote replicas over slow/unreliable WAN
- connections before moving the server object.
-
- The six steps listed above also pertain to when you want to change the
- internal IPX number of a server. Make sure that you never change the internal
- IPX number before a server rename or move has been completed and completely
- synchronized. It is critical that you never have two servers with the same
- internal IPX number. If you do not like using the random IPX number generated
- by install make sure (100% sure) that the IPX number you enter is not
- duplicated, even for a little while.
-
-
- Merging partitions
-
- If you are going to merge a partition to a superior partition, you need to
- check the health of both partitions in the manner explained previously in this
- document. If you feel the need to increase the speed and safety of a
- partition merge remove any replica that is across a slow WAN connection. If
- you want to further increase the speed of your partition merge, make the
- master copy of both partitions involved are on the same file server. If you
- do change a replica type, make sure that you wait for that change to complete
- before you merge. You will use DSTRACE as previously described to verify that
- the change has taken place. When you make replicas/partition changes over a
- WAN, allow time for the changes to occur over the WAN before you make the next
- change. Allowing time between partition changes is wise (checking the DSTRACE
- screen as you go).
-
-
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- Any trademarks referenced in this document are the property of their
- respective owners. Consult your product manuals for complete trademark
- information.
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